Radical Sponge®
Fullerene

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1 January 2007

Vitamin C60 BioResearch Corporation

Japan

Japan

Health and Fitness

Cosmetics

“BioFullerene™ is a high-purity Fullerene that conforms to the Japanese Standards for Pharmaceutical Ingredients. Fullerenes come in various types for a range of applications. Generally, Fullerenes used for industrial purposes contain high levels of impurities, and thus were considered unsuitable for applications in the life-science fields. The powerful ability of Fullerenes to eliminate radicals (reactive molecular species, including active oxygen) has received widespread attention in fields of research and development. Aggressive studies are underway worldwide to find new pharmaceutical applications for Fullerenes, including their use in suppressing and fighting cerebral disease and cancer. Accordingly, our company is pioneering efforts to find applications for Fullerenes in pharmaceutical products, for example through strict safety testing (according to GLP standards). BioFullerene™, a high-purity Fullerene, has been demonstrated to meet these exacting testing standards.” “Radical Sponge® is a sophisticated ingredient specially processed from BioFullerene™ to facilitate blending into any cosmetic product. While BioFullerene™ is simply Fullerene in powder form, Radical Sponge® is an advanced ingredient designed for superior adaptability to, and stabilization of, cosmetic formulations. Thus, Fullerene has been rendered easier to use in cosmetic applications without sacrificing any of the safety or functional properties of BioFullerene™.”

"'Fullerene, like diamond, is a carbon allotrope (a molecule consisting of a single element), and it is also the generic chemical name of a polyhedron including 60 carbon atoms (C60). The diameter of a C60 molecule is about 0.7 nm (1 nm = 1/1,000,000,000 m). The structure of C60 is that of a truncated icosahedron, which resembles a soccer ball. Carbon is an essential element for humans, and the discovery of fullerene represented a landmark achievement. Scientists recognized the vast potential of fullerene in many applications. By October 2008, approximately 40,000 research papers on the subject of fullerene were published. Further, in Japan, 2,400 applications for patents related to fullerene have been submitted and published thus far. These numbers are expected to increase every year." "Radical Sponge protects your skin from the leading cause of premature aging- free radical damage. Clinical trials have shown the effectiveness of Radical Sponge in eliminating free radicals due to UV exposure. Compared with other known antioxidants such as vitamin E and C, Radical Sponge displays superior antioxidant effect as it improves skin's defenses against free radicals, melanin synthesis, and cell death."

"Fullerene was entrapped in polyvinylpyrrolidone of 60-80 kDa at a molar ratio range of 0.42–0.67:1, resulting in a water-soluble derivative with a mean particle diameter of about 688 nm, named ‘Radical Sponge®’ because of its ROS-scavenging ability as previously demonstrated, and examined in the present study for its photo-biological actions toward human skin keratinocytes HaCaT. The keratinocytes were repeatedly irradiated with a visible light of wavelengths of 400–2000 nm (approximately 19,800 lux) in the presence or absence of Radical Sponge® of 25–75 μM and did not exhibit any photo-cytotoxicity due to coexistent Radical Sponge® as compared with the sham-irradiation control. Radical Sponge® exerted a more marked cytoprotection at doses of 10–40 μM against UVA irradiation of 30 J/cm2 when it was pre-irradiationally administered and rinsed out immediately before the irradiation, than when administered only during or after the irradiation, indicating the preventive rather than therapeutic or ray-sheltering effect of Radical Sponge® on UVA injuries. Cytoprotection by Radical Sponge® against UVA was achieved at the advisable range doses of 10–40 μM in contrast to no effect of polyvinylpyrrolidone alone; its dose-dependency was advantageous over that of VC-IP, a tetra-alkyl-esterized provitamin C, which became less cytoprotective above 20 μM. Thus, Radical Sponge® is expected as an anti-UVA-preventive agent without visible-light-catalyzed cytotoxicity toward human skin keratinocytes." Li Xiao, Hiroya Takada, Xue hui Gan, Nobuhiko Miwa (2006)

"Fullerenes have attracted considerable attention in different fields of science since their discovery in 1985. Investigations of physical, chemical and biological properties of fullerenes have yielded promising information. It is inferred that size, hydrophobicity, three-dimensionality and electronic configurations make them an appealing subject in medicinal chemistry. Their unique carbon cage structure coupled with immense scope for derivatization make them a potential therapeutic agent. The study of biological applications has attracted increasing attention despite the low solubility of carbon spheres in physiological media." "The fullerene family, and especially C60, has appealing photo, electrochemical and physical properties, which can be exploited in various medical fields. Fullerene is able to fit inside the hydrophobic cavity of HIV proteases, inhibiting the access of substrates to the catalytic site of enzyme. It can be used as radical scavenger and antioxidant. At the same time, if exposed to light, fullerene can produce singlet oxygen in high quantum yields. This action, together with direct electron transfer from excited state of fullerene and DNA bases, can be used to cleave DNA. In addition, fullerenes have been used as a carrier for gene and drug delivery systems. Also they are used for serum protein profiling as MELDI material for biomarker discovery. In this review we report the aspects of medicinal applications of fullerenes." Rania Bakry, Rainer M Vallant, Muhammad Najam-ul-Haq, Mattias Rainer, Zoltan Szabo, Christian W Huck, Gunther K Bonn (2007)

Fullerene

PVP

Nanoparticles, diameter of fullerene : 0.7nm

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Cosmetic
Health applications

Generic Product